Imagine a construction industry that's not only sustainable but also generates resources and materials in a continuous cycle, with minimal waste and negative environmental impact. This is the promise of biocircular design and build in construction, a concept that's gaining traction worldwide. But what exactly is biocircular design in construction, and how can it transform the industry?
At its core, biocircular design in construction is a systems-based approach that focuses on optimizing resource productivity, waste reduction, and the regeneration of biological resources. It's a shift from the linear 'take, make, dispose' model of the past to a circular economy, where waste is eliminated, and materials are kept in use for as long as possible.
Biocircular Principles in Construction
Biocircular design in construction is underpinned by several key principles. It's about designing out waste and pollution, keeping products and materials in use, and regenerating natural systems. Here are two fundamental principles:
Design for Disassembly and Recycling
In a biocircular construction approach, buildings are designed for disassembly and recycling from the outset. This enables materials to be recovered and reused, reducing the demand for virgin resources and minimizing waste. It's like building with Lego - each component can be taken apart and reassembled into something new.
For example, the Cire Trgovsi housing project in Switzerland was designed using this principle. The building's timber structure can be almost entirely dismantled and used again in another construction project at the end of its lifespan.
Use Biodegradable and Renewable Materials
The second key principle is using biodegradable and renewable materials in construction. These materials can grow or be grown again, often with no or minimal environmental impact. Think of hempcrete, straw bale, and mycelium - all sustainable alternatives to conventional construction materials.
A stunning example is the Arkitera office in Spain. Built using hempcrete, it's carbon negative, breathes like a natural lung, and stays cool in summer, warm in winter.
Benefits of Biocircular Design in Construction
Biocircular design in construction offers numerous benefits, from environmental to economic:
Reduced Environmental Impact
By minimizing waste, reducing material demand, and using renewable resources, biocircular design significantly lowers a building's carbon footprint. It also helps to preserve natural ecosystems and resources.
According to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, the construction industry could save €100 billion in Europe alone by shifting to a circular economy, while also reducing carbon emissions by 50 million tonnes each year.
Cost Savings and New Business Opportunities
Biocircular design isn't just good for the environment; it's also good for business. Reusing and recycling materials can lead to significant cost savings. Moreover, it opens up new business opportunities, from recycling and materials trauma to specialized circular design services.
Take the example of the Dutch start-up Muud. They've developed a system for producing building blocks from demolition waste. It's a win-win - waste is turned into a valuable resource, and they've created a profitable business model in the process.
In conclusion, biocircular design and build in construction isn't just a buzzword. It's a practical, scalable way to make the construction industry more sustainable. By embracing these principles, we can create buildings that regenerate rather than deplete our environment, while also creating new economic opportunities. So, the question isn't 'if' we should embrace biocircular design, but 'when' and 'how'."