Water is an essential resource for life, and in emergency situations, it's crucial to have an adequate supply. However, understanding how much you need and the best ways to store it can be confusing. This guide will provide you with comprehensive, actionable emergency water storage recommendations to ensure you're well-prepared for any situation.
First, let's debunk a common myth. You only need one gallon of water per person per day, right? Not quite. During emergencies, you'll need extra water for sanitation and cleaning, so plan for at least one gallon per person per day, and more if possible. Now, let's dive into our emergency water storage recommendations.
Choosing the Right Containers
Using the right containers is vital for safe and secure water storage. They must be food-grade, not contaminated, and sealed tightly.
Plastic bottles are commonly used, but avoid milk jugs or other disposable plastic containers, as they can leach chemicals into the water over time. Opt for food-safe containers designed for long-term water storage, which can usually be found in home improvement or camping stores.
Types of Containers
When shopping for containers, consider these types:
- 5-gallon water bottles: Easy to fill and store, these are a convenient choice for long-term storage.
- 20-gallon drums: Great for large quantities, these drums can be outfitted with spigots for easy access.
- Collapsible water bags: Space-saving and portable, these bags can be stashed away when empty and filled as needed.
Labeling and Dating Containers
Once you've chosen and filled your containers, make sure to label them with the date and type of water. If you're using tapped water, write the date it was collected. If using store-bought, indicate the expiration or 'best by' date.
Labeling also helps prevent misuse. It's important to remember that stored emergency water should only be used for drinking or sanitation, not for households with pets or aquariums.
Storing Emergency Water Supply
Storing your emergency water supply requires careful consideration. You'll want it readily accessible but protected from various elements.
Ideally, store water in a cool, dark, and dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Basements, closets, or under staircases are common storage areas. If you live in a cold climate, ensure your water is protected from freezing, as this can damage containers and compromise the water's quality.
Rotation and Maintenance
Regularly maintain your emergency water supply to ensure it retains its quality. Replace stored water every six months, regardless of the container type. This step helps prevent bacterial growth and keeps your water tasting fresh.
To minimize wastage, use a 'first in, first out' method for rotation. When you replace your stored water, use the oldest stock first and refill with fresh water. Mark your containers with rotation dates to help you keep track.
Additional Water Sources
While storing water is essential, consider alternative water sources in your emergency plan. Rainwater harvesting systems can provide a steady supply of fresh water, while well or stream water may be usable after proper purification. Always have a backup purification method, such as water purification tablets or a portable water filter.
Purifying Water in Emergencies
In emergency situations, you might need to purify water from alternative sources. With the right knowledge and tools, you can make questionable water safe to drink.
Before purifying, always remove floating debris and allow sediment to settle. Then, use a combination of these methods to purify the water:
- Boiling: Boil water for at least one minute (or three minutes at higher altitudes) to kill bacteria, viruses, and parasites.
- Chemical disinfection: Add water purification tablets or household bleach (16 drops or 1/8 teaspoon per gallon) and wait for the required time (usually 30 minutes).
- Filtration: Use a portable water filter to remove solid contaminants. Some filters also kill bacteria.
Storing Purified Water
After purifying water, store it in clean, food-safe containers, following the same guidelines as your emergency water supply.
Always taste your purified water before drinking to ensure it's free of chemical residue and has a normal appearance, taste, and smell.
Emergency water storage is a critical aspect of preparedness, protecting you and your family from dehydration and minimizing the risk of waterborne illnesses. By following these recommendations, you'll have a well-thought-out plan tailored to your specific needs. Don't hesitate to review and adjust your plan as your situation changes. Stay informed, stay prepared, and stay safe.